These studies led to the conclusion that students from segregated schools had developed a sense of inferiority and self-hatred, and that integration was helpful to both Black and white children in achieving a healthy racial self-identification and improving race relations. While at Howard University, Mamie and her future husband, Kenneth Clark, began the breakthrough research on what became known as the doll tests, showing an overwhelming preference for white dolls in Black children aged three to seven. Then, there is the incredible story of social psychologist and counselor Mamie Phipps Clark. Decades later, historians unearthed the truth and worked to ensure that Alice got credit for her discovery. Less than two years after this discovery, Alice died and the director of her program took credit for her discovery. Ray who, in 1872, became the first African American woman to graduate from law school in the United States and only the third woman - of any race - to complete law school in America! Then there is Alice Ball who, while working on her master's thesis, discovered what would become the leading treatment for leprosy. It is equally exciting to learn about women from history I had never heard of, like Charlotte E.
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